An Evaluation of the Role of Calcium and Vitamin D in Preventing Osteoporosis in Nasarawa State
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- NGN 5000
Background of the Study
Osteoporosis is a significant public health concern characterized by low bone mass and increased fragility, leading to a higher risk of fractures, particularly among the elderly (Adebayo & Yusuf, 2024). Calcium and vitamin D play essential roles in maintaining bone health by enhancing bone mineral density and reducing bone loss (Obi et al., 2023). Adequate calcium intake supports bone structure, while vitamin D facilitates calcium absorption and regulates bone metabolism (Chinedu & Bello, 2024).
In Nasarawa State, osteoporosis cases are rising due to poor dietary intake, limited sun exposure, and lack of awareness regarding bone health. Many individuals, especially older adults and postmenopausal women, may suffer from calcium and vitamin D deficiencies, increasing their risk of fractures. This study seeks to evaluate the role of these nutrients in osteoporosis prevention and recommend dietary and lifestyle interventions.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the well-documented importance of calcium and vitamin D in bone health, many individuals in Nasarawa State do not consume adequate amounts of these nutrients. This deficiency contributes to increased cases of osteoporosis and bone fractures, leading to disability and reduced quality of life. However, there is limited research on the dietary patterns of individuals in the region and their impact on osteoporosis prevention. This study aims to address this gap by evaluating the relationship between calcium and vitamin D intake and osteoporosis prevention.
Objectives of the Study
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To assess calcium and vitamin D intake among individuals in Nasarawa State.
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To evaluate the prevalence of osteoporosis and its correlation with dietary intake.
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To recommend dietary and lifestyle strategies for osteoporosis prevention.
Research Questions
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What are the calcium and vitamin D intake levels among individuals in Nasarawa State?
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How does calcium and vitamin D intake influence osteoporosis prevalence?
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What strategies can be implemented to improve bone health through nutrition?
Research Hypotheses
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Low calcium and vitamin D intake is significantly associated with higher osteoporosis prevalence.
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Individuals with adequate calcium and vitamin D intake have better bone density.
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Dietary interventions can improve bone health and reduce osteoporosis risk.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
The study focuses on individuals in Nasarawa State, assessing their calcium and vitamin D intake and its impact on osteoporosis. Limitations include reliance on self-reported dietary intake and variability in individual metabolism of calcium and vitamin D.
Definitions of Terms
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Osteoporosis: A bone disease characterized by decreased bone density and increased fracture risk.
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Calcium: A mineral essential for bone health and structural integrity.
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Vitamin D: A fat-soluble vitamin that aids calcium absorption and bone metabolism.
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